If we try to identify those contributions of computer science that will be long lasting,surely one of those will be the refinement of the concept called Algorithm.Ever science man designed the idea of machine which could perform basic mathematical operations,the study of what can be computed and how it can be done well was launched.....Here some example of basic uses of algorithm in coding is given.
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x[j]=temp;
10. Write a c program that sort 10 numbers using shell sorting method.
/*c program for sorting array using shell sorting method*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[30];
int i,j,k,tmp,num;
printf("Enter total no. of elements : ");
scanf("%d", &num);
for(k=0; k<num; k++)
{
printf("\nEnter %d number : ",k+1);
scanf("%d",&arr[k]);
}
for(i=num/2; i>0; i=i/2)
{
for(j=i; j<num; j++)
{
for(k=j-i; k>=0; k=k-i)
{
if(arr[k+i]>=arr[k])
break;
else
{
tmp=arr[k];
arr[k]=arr[k+i];
arr[k+i]=tmp;
}
}
}
}
printf("\t**** Shell Sorting ****\n");
for(k=0; k<num; k++)
printf("%d\t",arr[k]);
getch();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT
1. Write a program for binary search in c programming language.
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int a[10],i,n,m,c=0,l,u,mid;
printf("Enter the size of an array: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter the elements in ascending order: ");
for(i=0;i<n;i++){
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
printf("Enter the number to be search: ");
scanf("%d",&m);
l=0,u=n-1;
while(l<=u){
mid=(l+u)/2;
if(m==a[mid]){
c=1;
break;
}
else if(m<a[mid]){
u=mid-1;
}
else
l=mid+1;
}
if(c==0)
printf("The number is not found.");
else
printf("The number is found.");
return 0;
}
Sample output:
Enter the size of an array: 5
Enter the elements in ascending order: 4 7 8 11 21
Enter the number to be search: 11
The number is found.
2. Write a program for linear search in c programming language
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int a[10],i,n,m,c=0;
printf("Enter the size of an array: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter the elements of the array: ");
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++){
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
printf("Enter the number to be search: ");
scanf("%d",&m);
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++){
if(a[i]==m){
c=1;
break;
}
}
if(c==0)
printf("The number is not in the list");
else
printf("The number is found");
return 0;
}
Sample output:
Enter the size of an array: 5
Enter the elements of the array: 4 6 8 0 3
Enter the number to be search: 0
The number is found
3. Write a program for binary search using function recursion in c programming language
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int a[10],i,n,m,c,l,u;
printf("Enter the size of an array: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter the elements of the array: " );
for(i=0;i<n;i++){
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
printf("Enter the number to be search: ");
scanf("%d",&m);
l=0,u=n-1;
c=binary(a,n,m,l,u);
if(c==0)
printf("Number is not found.");
else
printf("Number is found.");
return 0;
}
int binary(int a[],int n,int m,int l,int u){
int mid,c=0;
if(l<=u){
mid=(l+u)/2;
if(m==a[mid]){
c=1;
}
else if(m<a[mid]){
return binary(a,n,m,l,mid-1);
}
else
return binary(a,n,m,mid+1,u);
}
else
return c;
}
Sample output:
Enter the size of an array: 5
Enter the elements of the array: 8 9 10 11 12
Enter the number to be search: 8
Number is found.
4. Generate Source code of bubble sort using array as ascending order in c programming language.
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int s,temp,i,j,a[20];
printf("Enter total numbers of elements: ");
scanf("%d",&s);
printf("Enter %d elements: ",s);
for(i=0;i<s;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
//Bubble sorting algorithm
for(i=s-2;i>=0;i--){
for(j=0;j<=i;j++){
if(a[j]>a[j+1]){
temp=a[j];
a[j]=a[j+1];
a[j+1]=temp;
}
}
}
printf("After sorting: ");
for(i=0;i<s;i++)
printf(" %d",a[i]);
return 0;
}
Output:
Enter total numbers of elements: 5
Enter 5 elements: 6 2 0 11 9
After sorting: 0 2 6 9 11
5. Source code of insertion sort implementation using array as ascending order in c programming language
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int i,j,s,temp,a[20];
printf("Enter total elements: ");
scanf("%d",&s);
printf("Enter %d elements: ",s);
for(i=0;i<s;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
for(i=1;i<s;i++){
temp=a[i];
j=i-1;
while((temp<a[j])&&(j>=0)){
a[j+1]=a[j];
j=j-1;
}
a[j+1]=temp;
}
printf("After sorting: ");
for(i=0;i<s;i++)
printf(" %d",a[i]);
return 0;
}
Output:
Enter total elements: 5
Enter 5 elements: 3 7 9 0 2
After sorting: 0 2 3 7 9
6. Source code of selection sort implementation using array as ascending order in c programming language
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int s,i,j,temp,a[20];
printf("Enter total elements: ");
scanf("%d",&s);
printf("Enter %d elements: ",s);
for(i=0;i<s;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
for(i=0;i<s;i++){
for(j=i+1;j<s;j++){
if(a[i]>a[j]){
temp=a[i];
a[i]=a[j];
a[j]=temp;
}
}
}
printf("After sorting is: ");
for(i=0;i<s;i++)
printf(" %d",a[i]);
return 0;
}
Output:
Enter total elements: 5
Enter 5 elements: 4 5 0 21 7
The array after sorting is: 0 4 5 7 21
7. Source code of simple quick sort implementation using array as ascending order in c programming language
#include<stdio.h>
void quicksort(int [10],int,int);
int main(){
int x[20],size,i;
printf("Enter size of the array: ");
scanf("%d",&size);
printf("Enter %d elements: ",size);
for(i=0;i<size;i++)
scanf("%d",&x[i]);
quicksort(x,0,size-1);
printf("Sorted elements: ");
for(i=0;i<size;i++)
printf(" %d",x[i]);
return 0;
}
void quicksort(int x[10],int first,int last){
int pivot,j,temp,i;
if(first<last){
pivot=first;
i=first;
j=last;
while(i<j){
while(x[i]<=x[pivot]&&i<last)
i++;
while(x[j]>x[pivot])
j--;
if(i<j){
temp=x[i];
x[i]=x[j];
}
}
temp=x[pivot];
x[pivot]=x[j];
x[j]=temp;
quicksort(x,first,j-1);
quicksort(x,j+1,last);
}
}
Output:
Enter size of the array: 5
Enter 5 elements: 3 8 0 1 2
Sorted elements: 0 1 2 3 8
8. Source code of simple merge sort implementation using array as ascending order in c programming language
#include<stdio.h>
#define MAX 50
void mergeSort(int arr[],int low,int mid,int high);
void partition(int arr[],int low,int high);
int main(){
int merge[MAX],i,n;
printf("Enter the total number of elements: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter the elements which to be sort: ");
for(i=0;i<n;i++){
scanf("%d",&merge[i]);
}
partition(merge,0,n-1);
printf("After merge sorting elements are: ");
for(i=0;i<n;i++){
printf("%d ",merge[i]);
}
return 0;
}
void partition(int arr[],int low,int high){
int mid;
if(low<high){
mid=(low+high)/2;
partition(arr,low,mid);
partition(arr,mid+1,high);
mergeSort(arr,low,mid,high);
}
}
void mergeSort(int arr[],int low,int mid,int high){
int i,m,k,l,temp[MAX];
l=low;
i=low;
m=mid+1;
while((l<=mid)&&(m<=high)){
if(arr[l]<=arr[m]){
temp[i]=arr[l];
l++;
}
else{
temp[i]=arr[m];
m++;
}
i++;
}
if(l>mid){
for(k=m;k<=high;k++){
temp[i]=arr[k];
i++;
}
}
else{
for(k=l;k<=mid;k++){
temp[i]=arr[k];
i++;
}
}
for(k=low;k<=high;k++){
arr[k]=temp[k];
}
}
Sample output:
Enter the total number of elements: 5
Enter the elements which to be sort: 2 5 0 9 1
After merge sorting elements are: 0 1 2 5 9
9. Write a C program to sort 5 numbers using heap sorting method.
/* c program for heap sorting method*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void manage(int *, int);
void heapsort(int *, int, int);
int main()
{
int arr[20];
int i,j,size,tmp,k;
printf("\n\t------- Heap sorting method -------\n\n");
printf("Enter the number of elements to sort : ");
scanf("%d",&size);
for(i=1; i<=size; i++)
{
printf("Enter %d element : ",i);
scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
manage(arr,i);
}
j=size;
for(i=1; i<=j; i++)
{
tmp=arr[1];
arr[1]=arr[size];
arr[size]=tmp;
size--;
heapsort(arr,1,size);
}
printf("\n\t------- Heap sorted elements -------\n\n");
size=j;
for(i=1; i<=size; i++)
printf("%d ",arr[i]);
getch();
return 0;
}
void manage(int *arr, int i)
{
int tmp;
tmp=arr[i];
while((i>1)&&(arr[i/2]<tmp))
{
arr[i]=arr[i/2];
i=i/2;
}
arr[i]=tmp;
}
void heapsort(int *arr, int i, int size)
{
int tmp,j;
tmp=arr[i];
j=i*2;
while(j<=size)
{
if((j<size)&&(arr[j]<arr[j+1]))
j++;
if(arr[j]<arr[j/2])
break;
arr[j/2]=arr[j];
j=j*2;
}
arr[j/2]=tmp;
}
/* c program for heap sorting method*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void manage(int *, int);
void heapsort(int *, int, int);
int main()
{
int arr[20];
int i,j,size,tmp,k;
printf("\n\t------- Heap sorting method -------\n\n");
printf("Enter the number of elements to sort : ");
scanf("%d",&size);
for(i=1; i<=size; i++)
{
printf("Enter %d element : ",i);
scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
manage(arr,i);
}
j=size;
for(i=1; i<=j; i++)
{
tmp=arr[1];
arr[1]=arr[size];
arr[size]=tmp;
size--;
heapsort(arr,1,size);
}
printf("\n\t------- Heap sorted elements -------\n\n");
size=j;
for(i=1; i<=size; i++)
printf("%d ",arr[i]);
getch();
return 0;
}
void manage(int *arr, int i)
{
int tmp;
tmp=arr[i];
while((i>1)&&(arr[i/2]<tmp))
{
arr[i]=arr[i/2];
i=i/2;
}
arr[i]=tmp;
}
void heapsort(int *arr, int i, int size)
{
int tmp,j;
tmp=arr[i];
j=i*2;
while(j<=size)
{
if((j<size)&&(arr[j]<arr[j+1]))
j++;
if(arr[j]<arr[j/2])
break;
arr[j/2]=arr[j];
j=j*2;
}
arr[j/2]=tmp;
}
OUTPUT
Screen shot for Heap sorting C program
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/*c program for sorting array using shell sorting method*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[30];
int i,j,k,tmp,num;
printf("Enter total no. of elements : ");
scanf("%d", &num);
for(k=0; k<num; k++)
{
printf("\nEnter %d number : ",k+1);
scanf("%d",&arr[k]);
}
for(i=num/2; i>0; i=i/2)
{
for(j=i; j<num; j++)
{
for(k=j-i; k>=0; k=k-i)
{
if(arr[k+i]>=arr[k])
break;
else
{
tmp=arr[k];
arr[k]=arr[k+i];
arr[k+i]=tmp;
}
}
}
}
printf("\t**** Shell Sorting ****\n");
for(k=0; k<num; k++)
printf("%d\t",arr[k]);
getch();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT
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